Cryptographic Attacks

Cryptographic Attacks

There are many types of vcryptographic attacks and I’ll list some of them below:-

Known Plaintext and Ciphertext-Only Attacks

A known plaintext attack is an attack where a cryptanalyst has access to a plaintext and the corresponding ciphertext and seeks to discover a correlation between the two. A ciphertext-only attack is an attack where a cryptanalyst has access to a ciphertext but does not have access to corresponding plaintext. With simple ciphers, such as the Caesar Cipher, frequency analysis can be used to break the cipher.

Chosen Plaintext and Chosen Ciphertext Attacks

A chosen plaintext attack is an attack where a cryptanalyst can encrypt a plaintext of his choosing and study the resulting ciphertext. This is most common against asymmetric cryptography, where a cryptanalyst has access to a public key. A chosen ciphertext attack is an attack where a cryptanalyst chooses a ciphertext and 

attempts to find a matching plaintext. This can be done with a decryption oracle (a machine that decrypts without exposing the key). This is also often performed on attacks versus public key encryption; it begins with a ciphertext and searches for matching publicly-posted plaintext data.

 Adaptive Chosen Plaintext and Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attacks

In both adaptive attacks, a cryptanalyst chooses further plaintexts ciphertexts (adapts the attack) based on prior results.

references :
http://www.academia.edu/4739047/Types_of_Cryptographic_Attacks